Module 1.5 Volume Element of Various Coordinate Systems

Zoom

Cartesian Coordinate System

Cylindrical Coordinate System

Spherical Coordinate System

Surface elements of constant R

Surface elements of constant θ

Surface elements of constant φ

Line elements dR	a_R
Line elements Rdθ	a_θ
Line elements Rsinθdφ	a_φ

Auxiliary lines

Cartesian Coordinates: x = (m), y = (m), z = (m).

Cylindrical Coordinates: r = (m), φ = ^o, z = (m).

Spherical Coordinates: R = (m), θ = ^o, φ = ^o.

Introduction:

Axis X：Red arrow
Axis Y：Green arrow
Axis Z：Blue arrow
1. Press the left mouse button and move the mouse cursor to change the viewpoint, or you can click the standard view button in the upper right corner.
2. Press the right mouse button and move the graph with your mouse.

Parameters:

Naming convention I:

Cartesian coordinates Cylindrical coordinates Spherical coordinates
Naming convention II:

Cartesian coordinates Cylindrical coordinates Spherical coordinates